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TONE MARKS IN NKWEN LANGUAGE

Writer: NgechentNgechent

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Nkwen is a tone language, that is, a language in which variations in pitch distinguish different words. Tone marks on words can change their pronunciation and meaning when used in isolation and in sentences. Tone variation also makes differences in tenses. When writing this language the different tone marks should be seriously considered. The following major tone marks are observed in the Nkwen language:

  1. The Low tone (L) ` also known as the grave.

  2. The High tone (H) ́ also known as the acute is observed but not marked.

  3. The Low-High tone ̌ (L H) also known as the rising tone.

  4. The High-Low tone (H L) ̂ also known as the falling tone.

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àbàà – a bag

kàà – old basket

àkù – foot

àtò’ò – raffia palm bush

àshìshì – thread

bàtǝ̀ – wine calabash

ǝ̀làrǝ̀ – a bridge

àtà’à – a snail

nǝ̀kùŋnǝ̀ – swampy area

àbà’à – a door

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sǝŋǝ – a bird

forǝ – a rat

fɛrǝ – a ring

chichi’i – a tadpole

nǝnaŋǝ – a chameleon

tǝtya – pepper

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bǝ̀sǝŋǝ – birds

bǝ̀forǝ – rats

bǝ̀fɛrǝ – rings

bǝ̀chichi’i – tadpoles

bǝ̀nǝnaŋǝ – chameleons

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yǐ – come

ghə̌ – go

kǎ – draw

khə̌ – run

shə̌ – stab

nyǐ – defecate

bǔ – return

kǐ – refuse

fǔ – hit

sǔ – wash

zε̌ – peal

fε̌ – to go on a visit

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The words above are mostly commands. The two lettered commands can also be rightly written with the vowel sound doubled and a low tone on the first, with the understanding that we respect the high tone on the second. E.G.

Yìi – come

kàa – draw

bùu – come back

kìi – to refuse

fùu – to hit

sùu – to wash

zɛ̀ɛ – to peal

fɛ̀ɛ – to go on a visit

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Fyâ – give

Shə̂ – to weed

Kî – to cry

Sû – entertain

Fû – go out

Zε̂ – yawn

The two lettered verbs above can also be rightly written with the vowel sound doubled and a low tone on the second, with the understanding that we respect the high tone on the first. E.G.

kiì – to cry

suù – to entertain

fuù – to go out

zɛɛ̀ – to yawn

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Ngarə̀ – a gun

fə̀nenə̀ – grass bird

àbaŋə̀ – a barn

àbanə̀ – corn fufu

àto’ò – a tin

ə̀larə̀ – upper part of the mouth

àtsaŋə̀ – a prison

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- TubeBuddy is the main tool that I use to manage the backend of my YouTube channel. It has been a huge lifesaver when it comes to time management and properly optimizing my channel. They have tons of free tools you can check out right here! https://www.tubebuddy.com/ElementaryEducationExplorers Having a successful YouTube channel takes a lot of time and energy. I use TubeBuddy because it helps save time and gives me the insight I need in order to properly optimize my videos. Learn more here! https://www.tubebuddy.com/ElementaryEducationExplorers As a YouTube creator, one thing I am always short on is time. I use TubeBuddy because it offers all kinds of tools that help with productivity, SEO, and community management. Learn more here! https://www.tubebuddy.com/ElementaryEducationExplorers TubeBuddy has been a game-changer for my YouTube channel’s growth. They have tons of free tools including their upload checklist. It turns out, I was missing out on some pretty crucial steps! Learn more here! https://www.tubebuddy.com/ElementaryEducationExplorers

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